A Few Important Formulae

These are the ions I need to know for AS Chemistry. Here goes:

Formula	Valency	Name
\(OH\)	1-	Hydroxide
\(SO_4\)	2-	Sulfate
\(SO_3\)	2-	Sulfite
\(PO_4\)	3-	Phosphate
\(PO_3\)	3-	Phosphite
\(NO_3\)	1-	Nitrate
\(NO_2\)	1-	Nitrite
\(CO_3\)	2-	Carbonate
\(NH_4\)	1+	Ammonium
\(HCO_3\)	1-	Hydrogen Carbonate
\(HSO_4\)	1-	Hydrogen Sulfate
\(CN\)	1-	Cyanide
\(MnO_4\)	1-	Manganate (VII)
\(Cr_2O_7\)	2-	Dichromate (VII)
\(CrO4\)	2-	Chromate (VI)
\(ClO\)	1-	Chlorate (I)
\(ClO_3\)	1-	Chlorate (V)

These are the acids:

Formula	Name
\(HCl\)	Hydrochloric Acid
\(H_2SO_4\)	Sulfuric Acid
\(H_2SO_3\)	Sulfurous Acid
\(HNO_3\)	Nitric Acid
\(HNO_2\)	Nitrous Acid
\(H_3PO_4\)	Phosphoric Acid
\(H_3PO_3\)	Phosphorous Acid
\(HCO_3\)	Carbonic Acid

Note: carbon-based acids are generally weak acids.

Another note:

If the number of \(H^+\) ions = \(OH^-\) ions then the solution is neutral.
If the number of \(H^+\) ions > \(OH^-\) ions then the solution is acidic.
If the number of \(H^+\) ions < \(OH^-\) ions then the solution is basic.

This article was written on 07/09/2023. If you have any thoughts, feel free to send me an email with them. Have a nice day!